Standards Alignment · Bilingual / ESL

Idioms & Sayings — TEKS, ELPS & appropriateness

This suite is built for Texas Bilingual/ESL and multilingual classrooms. Every breakout is aligned to — not a reproduction of — the English Language Proficiency Standards (ELPS, 19 TAC §74.4) and the ELAR TEKS (19 TAC Chapter 110) on the English side; the Spanish Language Arts and Reading TEKS (SLAR, 19 TAC Chapter 128) on the Spanish side of bilingual/dual-language programs; and, for the world-language angle, the Languages Other Than English (LOTE) TEKS (19 TAC Chapter 114). The design mirrors the research base: teach transparent, home-language-similar idioms first, in rich context, and use the learner's first language (L1) as a resource.

Why idioms belong in the ELPS/ESL classroom

Idioms are Tier-1 vocabulary that trip up multilingual learners because the words don't add up to the meaning. The ELPS name them directly: the Advanced High proficiency-level descriptor §74.4(d)(2)(D) expects ELs to "use many of the same idioms and colloquialisms as their native English-speaking peers." The new ELPS (2026–2027) add that students "use context to construct the meaning of figurative language such as idiomatic expressions." The ELAR TEKS reinforce this — the Grade 4 vocabulary strand asks students to "identify the meaning of idioms such as it's raining cats and dogs."

The four locks → the standards they target

Every breakout uses the same four reasoning locks. Here is how each maps to the standards:

LockThinking moveELPS (19 TAC §74.4)ELAR / LOTE
MC · Real meaning Determine an idiom's figurative meaning, past the literal-word trap (c)(4)(F) use contextual support to comprehend increasingly challenging language ELAR Vocabulary — "identify the meaning of idioms" §110.6(b)(3); Author's Purpose & Craft — figurative language 4.10.D / 5.10.D / 6–8.9.D
MULTI · Metalinguistic sort Tell literal from figurative; reject word-for-word translation; spot same-image vs. different-image across languages (c)(1)(C) memorizing, comparing, contrasting to acquire vocabulary; (c)(4)(A) cognates, roots, base words LOTE Ch. 114 — Cultures: compare languages & perspectives
SEQ · Context Use the surrounding dialogue (context) to unlock the idiom (c)(4)(F) visual & contextual support to develop vocabulary ELAR Vocabulary — use context to determine meaning §110.6(b)(3)(B)
WORD · Home language Supply the meaning or the L1 equivalent — the home language is a valid answer (e.g., hand/mano) (c)(1)(A) use prior knowledge & experiences; (c)(4)(A) cognates, roots LOTE Cultures; ELAR word origin / etymology (Grades 9–12)

Mastery goal: by the win screen students have interpreted idioms in context and connected them across languages — the behavior the ELPS Advanced High descriptor §74.4(d)(2)(D) names. Cross-linguistic comparison also realizes the ELPS emphasis on cognates and prior knowledge (c)(1)(A), (c)(4)(A) and the translanguaging stance of the Texas EL frameworks.

Cross-program alignment (ESL, dual-language, world languages)

Because the suite pairs English idioms with their Spanish equivalents, it documents against the standards for both languages of a bilingual/dual-language program — and against the world-language standards when French, Latin, or other languages are added:

Program / sideStandardKey anchors this suite hits
ESL — all emergent bilinguals ELPS 19 TAC §74.4 idioms & colloquialisms (d)(2)(D); compare/contrast for vocabulary (c)(1)(C); cognates & roots (c)(4)(A); contextual support (c)(4)(F); prior knowledge (c)(1)(A)
English side (ELAR) ELAR TEKS 19 TAC Ch. 110 figurative language — simile/metaphor 4.10.D / 5.10.D; "identify the meaning of idioms" (vocabulary); context clues 4.3.B
Spanish side (dual-language) SLAR TEKS 19 TAC Ch. 128 figurative language / lenguaje figurado 3.10.D / 4.10.D / 5.10.D; context clues & cognados (cognates) 3.3.B / 4.3.C / 5.3.C — the direct anchor for the cross-linguistic word locks
World languages (French, Latin, …) LOTE TEKS 19 TAC Ch. 114 Comparisons — compare the target language & culture to one's own; Cultures — proverbs/sayings as products & perspectives; Classical Languages (Latin) — Subchapter D. Supports the Phase-3 French & Latin expansion.

The six breakouts (Phase 1: English + Spanish)

BreakoutBandIdiom focusCross-linguistic anchor
Body Idioms3–5body-part idiomslend a handechar una mano — same image
Animal Idioms3–5animal idiomsa little bird told meme lo dijo un pajarito — same; raining cats and dogsllueve a cántaros — different
Food Idioms3–5food idiomsa piece of cakepan comido — different image
Game On: Sports & School6–8sports/school idiomsthe ball is in your courtla pelota está en tu tejado — same image
Time & Money6–8time/money metaphorstime fliesel tiempo vuela — same image
Proverbs, Sayings & Latin Roots9–12proverbs, sayings, etymologycarpe diem → Spanish día — a shared Latin root

Appropriate for K–12 public schools

Secular, objective, inclusive. Idioms and sayings are studied as language and culture — never devotionally or as a faith claim. The suite welcomes every learner's home language as a resource (translanguaging), covers grades 3–12 with age-appropriate content, collects no data, and requires no logins. Decoy "facts" are neutral (e.g., number of bones, elephant weight). Cultural sayings are treated as objective cultural products, consistent with the LOTE TEKS (practices, products, perspectives) and with objective study of language and culture. During this review a Grade 9–12 proverb that referenced God was replaced with a secular equivalent (camarón que se duerme se lo lleva la corriente) to keep the set cleanly secular for public-school adoption. No content promotes or disparages any religion, culture, or group, and idioms are framed to avoid stereotyping any language community.

Texas EL program & teacher resources

This suite supports — and can be documented against — the Texas frameworks for emergent bilingual / EL programs:

TX-EDLIF FrameworkTexas Effective Dual Language Immersion Framework TX-EDLIF RubricProgram self-assessment rubric TX-EDLIF ChecklistsImplementation checklists TX-ESLFTexas ESL Framework Program Implementationtxel.org guidance TEC Chapter 29Bilingual Education & Special Language Programs (§29.051+) 19 TAC Ch. 89, Subch. BBState Plan for Bilingual Ed & ESL Title IIIEnglish Language Acquisition

Sources & standards

ELPS19 TAC §74.4 · ELPS Update 2026–27
ELAR (Ch. 110)Grade 3 · Grade 4 · Grade 5
SLAR (Ch. 128)Subch. A (Elem.) · Subch. B (MS) · Subch. C (HS)
LOTE (Ch. 114)A (Elem.) · B (MS) · C (HS) · D (Classical / Latin)
EL researchColorín Colorado · WIDA ELD 2020

TEKS/ELPS citations are good-faith, paraphrased alignment references — confirm against the current 19 TAC Chapters 74 (ELPS), 110 (ELAR), 128 (SLAR), and 114 (LOTE) before formal adoption. SLAR mirrors the ELAR strand numbering in Spanish (e.g., figurative language at x.10.D; vocabulary/cognates at x.3), and Author's Purpose & Craft is strand (10) in Grades 4–5 and (9) in Grades 6–8.