# World Space Week — Sources

All factual content in this pack was verified against the sources below (NASA, ESA,
JPL, JHUAPL, and reputable primary references). Content model: `activities.js`.

## Mystery Mission (Guess It)
- **Apollo 11** — NASA History, "July 20, 1969: One Giant Leap for Mankind." https://www.nasa.gov/history/july-20-1969-one-giant-leap-for-mankind/
- **Voyager 1** — NASA Science, Voyager 1 mission (1977 launch, Golden Record, Aug 2012 interstellar crossing). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/voyager-1/
- **Hubble Space Telescope** — NASA Science, "The History of Hubble" (1990 launch on STS-31/Discovery, servicing missions, Deep Field). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/overview/the-history-of-hubble/
- **Cassini–Huygens** — NASA Science, "Cassini's Grand Finale" (Huygens Titan landing 2005, 2017 finale). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/cassini/grand-finale/overview/
- **New Horizons** — NASA Science, New Horizons (Pluto flyby July 2015, Arrokoth 2019). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/new-horizons/
- **Juno** — NASA Science, Juno (solar power, polar orbit, 2016 arrival). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/juno/
- **Perseverance / Ingenuity** — NASA, "NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Succeeds in Historic First Flight" (landing Feb 18 2021; first flight Apr 19 2021). https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasas-ingenuity-mars-helicopter-succeeds-in-historic-first-flight/
- **Parker Solar Probe** — NASA Science, "Parker Solar Probe Touches the Sun for the First Time" (2021 corona flight; ~430,000 mph). https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/heliophysics/nasa-s-parker-solar-probe-touches-the-sun-for-the-first-time/
- **James Webb Space Telescope** — NASA Science, JWST Fact Sheet (Dec 25 2021 launch, 6.5 m gold mirror, L2). https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/fact-sheet/

## Space or Not? (Sort It) — spinoff facts and myth corrections
- **Memory / temper foam** — NASA Spinoff (developed at Ames, 1966). https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Spinoff2005/ch_6.html
- **CMOS active-pixel sensor (phone cameras)** — NASA Spinoff (invented at JPL by Eric Fossum). https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Spinoff2017/cg_1.html
- **Cochlear implant** — NASA, 40 Years of NASA Spinoff. https://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/40-years-of-nasa-spinoff/cochlear-implants
- **Scratch-resistant lens coating** — NASA, 40 Years of NASA Spinoff. https://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/40-years-of-nasa-spinoff/scratch-resistant-uv-reflecting-lenses
- **Invisible braces (transparent polycrystalline alumina)** — NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/invisible-braces
- **Velcro (NOT a NASA invention)** — VELCRO, "The Story of George de Mestral" (patented 1955). https://www.velcro.com/news-and-blog/2016/11/an-idea-that-stuck-how-george-de-mestral-invented-the-velcro-fastener/
- **Tang (NOT a NASA invention)** — created by General Foods (William Mitchell, 1957). http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2011/01/tang-was-not-invented-for-the-space-program/
- **Teflon (NOT a NASA invention)** — Science History Institute, Roy J. Plunkett (DuPont, 1938). https://www.sciencehistory.org/education/scientific-biographies/roy-j-plunkett/
- **Microwave oven** — National Inventors Hall of Fame, Percy Spencer (Raytheon, 1945). https://www.invent.org/inductees/percy-l-spencer

*Note:* The **Fisher "Space Pen"** (privately developed, not a NASA invention) is well documented but was not independently re-verified in this build's research session — worth a final source check if publishing it as a graded item.

## Scale It (order by diameter)
- Diameters (Moon, Mercury, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Sun) — NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/
- Ceres (~940 km) — NASA Science, Ceres facts. https://science.nasa.gov/dwarf-planets/ceres/facts/

## Image Detective (Spot It)
- **Pillars of Creation** (Webb NIRCam, 2022; Eagle Nebula / M16; ~6,500 light-years) — NASA Science, "NASA's Webb Takes Star-Filled Portrait of Pillars of Creation." https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-takes-star-filled-portrait-of-pillars-of-creation/